Unica is proud to be one of the founding members of the International Fertility Alliance (IFA) – association connecting leading reproductive health professionals, patients, and support organizations. In late 2024, one of the speakers at the IFA annual conference MUDr. Jakub Řezáč, Ph.D., FEBU, presented insights on "The Main Causes of Male Infertility."
The Male Factor: A Broad Spectrum of Causes
Male infertility is a contributing factor in up to 50% of cases involving couples struggling to conceive. In about 20% of these cases, male infertility is the sole cause. Yet, despite its prevalence, this topic often receives less attention compared to female infertility.
Male infertility can stem from a wide range of factors, both congenital and acquired. These include:
- Genetic abnormalities
- Varicocele (enlarged veins in the scrotum)
- Past urogenital infections (including STDs)
- Hormonal imbalances
- Exposure to gonadotoxic treatments (radiotherapy or chemotherapy)
- Anatomical or surgical issues (e.g., obstruction of ejaculatory ducts)
Despite this list, approximately 40% of male infertility cases are idiopathic—meaning the exact cause remains unknown. Emerging evidence suggests lifestyle, environmental pollution, and oxidative stress may also play a significant role.
Diagnostic Tools in Andrology
The foundation of male fertility assessment is a semen analysis. Parameters such as sperm count, motility, and morphology are critical. Additional diagnostic tools include DNA fragmentation testing, hormone profiling, scrotal ultrasound or genetic testing.
Surgical and Non-Invasive Treatments
When ejaculatory or anatomical obstruction is diagnosed, procedures like TESE or micro-TESE (testicular sperm extraction) may be indicated. In non-obstructive cases, advanced surgical techniques offer the best chance of retrieving viable sperm.
Lifestyle interventions also play a crucial role. Reducing alcohol and tobacco use, maintaining a healthy weight, and managing stress can improve fertility outcomes.
At Unica, we understand that each fertility journey is unique – and we make it our mission to provide both partners with the care they deserve. With cutting-edge diagnostics, world-class technology, and a holistic approach, we support every step of your journey with compassion and expertise. Because we believe the path to parenthood is one you should never have to walk alone.